January–February 2026 Aspergillosis Papers (week 3)

Grouped by relevance and impact

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🟥 HIGH IMPACT / PRACTICE-RELEVANT

(Most important for patients, clinicians, and services)

1. Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA): outcomes and mortality

Clinical Features and Mortality of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Brazil
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Jan 2026

Why this is important

• Large multicentre cohort

• Real-world data from TB-endemic, resource-limited settings

• Directly relevant to global CPA burden, including post-TB disease

Key messages

• CPA carries substantial long-term mortality

• Tuberculosis is a major driver of CPA worldwide

• Delayed diagnosis and limited antifungal access worsen outcomes

➡ This is one of the most important papers in the list for public health, service planning, and advocacy.

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2. Invasive Aspergillosis in Intensive Care (including COVID-19)

Clinical spectrum of ICU-acquired invasive pulmonary aspergillosis according to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, Jan 2026

Why this is important

• Large prospective multicentre ICU cohort

• Builds on lessons from COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA)

Key messages

• ICU-acquired aspergillosis remains common and deadly

• COVID-19 patients are typically older and more severely ill

• Early fungal testing in ICU is critical

➡ High relevance for intensivists, respiratory teams, and hospital policy.

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3. Drug interactions in invasive aspergillosis

Concurrent administration of triazoles with chemotherapeutic and/or immunosuppressant agents
Mycopathologia, Jan 2026

Why this is important

• Addresses real-world prescribing risk

• Highly relevant to cancer, transplant, and haematology patients

Key messages

• Triazole antifungals cause clinically dangerous drug–drug interactions

• Requires specialist pharmacy oversight and monitoring

• Not theoretical – directly affects patient safety

➡ High importance for clinicians and pharmacists, less so for patients directly, but critical for safe care.

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🟧 MODERATE IMPACT / CLINICALLY INFORMATIVE

(Important, but narrower scope or smaller evidence base)

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4. Aspergillosis beyond the “immunocompromised”

Pulmonary fungal infections in the immunocompetent host
Chest, Jan 2026 – Review

Why this matters

• Challenges outdated assumptions

• Useful for GPs and general physicians

Key messages

• Serious fungal lung disease can occur without classic immune suppression

• Chronic lung disease, viral infection, or exposure can be sufficient

• Supports earlier fungal consideration when antibiotics fail

➡ Good educational review, especially for non-specialists.

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5. Aspergillus species diversity and resistance

Beyond Fumigatus: a molecular portrait of clinical Aspergillus diversity
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Jan 2026

Why this matters

• Advances understanding of non-fumigatus Aspergillus

• Relevant to antifungal resistance

Key messages

• Aspergillosis is caused by multiple species

• Species identification may influence treatment success

• Supports move toward precision mycology

➡ Important scientifically, indirect impact for patients (for now).

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6. Minimally invasive treatment of aspergilloma

Minimally invasive management of a centrally located pulmonary aspergilloma
MMCTS, Jan 2026

Why this matters

• Demonstrates evolving surgical approaches

• Relevant to selected patients only

Key messages

• Less invasive procedures may reduce surgical risk

• Careful patient selection is crucial

➡ Clinically interesting, but case-based and niche.

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🟨 LOW IMPACT / EARLY-STAGE / NICHE

(Useful context or future potential, limited immediate impact)

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7. ABPA immunology and diagnostics (early-stage science)

Pathogen-specific IgE-reactive cytosolic allergenic epitopes of Aspergillus fumigatus
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob, Jan 2026

Why this matters

• Laboratory-based discovery research

Key messages

• May improve future ABPA diagnostics

• Potential foundation for targeted immunotherapy

➡ Promising but not practice-changing yet.

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8. Voriconazole neurotoxicity (single case)

Voriconazole-associated peripheral polyneuropathy: A case report
Arch Argent Pediatr, Feb 2026

Why this matters

• Highlights a rare but serious adverse effect

Key messages

• Neurological symptoms on antifungals should not be ignored

• Reinforces importance of monitoring during long-term therapy

➡ Low evidence level, but high awareness value.

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9. Invasive aspergillosis in complex transplant oncology case

An Unforeseen Diagnosis After Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure
Case Reports in Hepatology, Jan 2026

Why this matters

• Illustrates diagnostic complexity in extreme immunosuppression

Key messages

• Invasive aspergillosis can be rapidly fatal

• Symptoms may be masked by other conditions

➡ Educational case, not generalisable.

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10. Food enzyme safety (non-clinical)

Safety evaluation of the food enzyme aspergillopepsin I
EFSA Journal, Jan 2026

Why this matters

• Addresses public concern rather than clinical disease

Key messages

• Aspergillus-derived food enzymes are safe when regulated

• Dietary exposure ≠ inhaled fungal spores

➡ Reassuring, but peripheral to aspergillosis care.

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🔑 Overall “Most Important” Papers (Quick List)

Top tier

1. CPA outcomes and mortality (Brazil cohort)

2. ICU / COVID-19 associated invasive aspergillosis

3. Triazole drug–drug interactions

Second tier
4. Fungal infection in immunocompetent hosts
5. Aspergillus species diversity & resistance

January–February 2026 Aspergillosis Papers – Source Links

🟥 High-impact / practice-relevant

• Clinical Features and Mortality of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Brazil: a Multicenter Cohort Study
  de Oliveira VF et al., Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41536616/

• Clinical spectrum of ICU-acquired invasive pulmonary aspergillosis according to SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multicenter prospective cohort study
  Reizine F et al., European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41526761/

• Concurrent Administration of Triazoles with Chemotherapeutic and/or Immunosuppressant Agents Known to Have Moderate-to-Severe Drug-Drug Interactions in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Hospitalized for Invasive Aspergillosis
  Walsh TJ et al., Mycopathologia, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41528615/

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🟧 Moderate-impact / clinically informative

• Pulmonary fungal infections in the immunocompetent host (Review)
  Lieu A et al., Chest, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41544957/

• Beyond Fumigatus: a molecular portrait of clinical Aspergillus diversity, pathogenicity, and antifungal resistance
  Aneke CI et al., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41528247/

• Minimally invasive management of a centrally located pulmonary aspergilloma in an adolescent patient
  Mikilps-Mikgelbs R et al., Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41537646/

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🟨 Lower-impact / niche / early-stage

• Pathogen-specific IgE-reactive cytosolic allergenic epitopes of Aspergillus fumigatus for immunodiagnostic and immunotherapeutic applications against allergic aspergillosis
  Koundal P et al., Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41540426/

• Voriconazole-associated peripheral polyneuropathy: A case report
  González BJ et al., Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría, Feb 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40728252/

• An Unforeseen Diagnosis After Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure: Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma (includes invasive aspergillosis)
  Soares GL et al., Case Reports in Hepatology, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41542139/

• Safety evaluation of the food enzyme aspergillopepsin I from the genetically modified Trichoderma reesei strain DP-Nzq40
  EFSA Panel on Food Enzymes, EFSA Journal, Jan 2026
  🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41531469/

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