The immune system plays different roles in different forms of aspergillosis. In some conditions, the immune response to Aspergillus is too strong or misdirected, causing allergy and inflammation. In others, weakened immune defences can make it easier for Aspergillus to cause infection.

Understanding this difference helps explain why aspergillosis treatments can seem very different. In ABPA and severe fungal asthma, treatment may aim to reduce inflammation or target particular immune pathways. In people at risk of invasive aspergillosis, maintaining or restoring effective immune defences can be an important part of treatment.

This hub explains the immune system in patient-friendly language, including antibodies, IgE, eosinophils, inflammation, immune suppression and the immune pathways targeted by steroids and biologic medicines.


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