Ukuxilongwa okunembile akukaze kube lula nge-aspergillosis, kodwa amathuluzi esimanje athuthukiswa ngokushesha futhi manje athuthukisa isivinini nokunemba kokuxilongwa. Isiguli esethula emtholampilo sizoqale sicelwe ukuthi sinikeze umlando wezimpawu esizibonile. Kuye ngalo mlando inani lokuhlola lingacelwa ohlwini olulandelayo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-X-ray noma i-CT scan yesifuba
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ukukala ukuzwela kwe-Aspergillus allergens
- Isiko nokuhlaziywa kwesampula yesikhwehlela (amafinyila).
- Isiko loketshezi lwethishu isb uketshezi lwamaphaphu (olubizwa nge-BAL)
- I-bronchoscopy - lapho ishubhu eliguquguqukayo lidluliselwa emaphashini ngenkathi lidakiwe.
- Isampula noma i-biopsy yesisindo sethishu (uma ikhona) emgodini wamaphaphu
Ukuhlola kubonisani?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Amasosha omzimba ngokumelene I-Aspergillus amaprotheni angalinganiswa egazini lesiguli futhi lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isiguli singase sibe nalo I-Aspergillus ukutheleleka - lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i ukuhlolwa kwe-enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), njenge-ImmunoCAP® Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Okuqondile kwe-IgE.. Umphumela omuhle usho ukuthi amasosha omzimba kufungus atholakele. Umphumela wokuhlolwa onesivivinyo ubuye ube umaka owusizo wokuqhathanisa kamuva ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa. Kwesinye isikhathi kungase kube nomphumela ongelona iqiniso, yingakho kusetshenziswa izivivinyo eziningi ezahlukene ekuxilongeni i-aspergillosis. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba I-Aspergillus zinhle egazini. Ukuhlolwa kwe-molecule ethile yesikhunta kwesinye isikhathi etholakala egazini - ebizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-galactomannan ingase futhi yenziwe ngesampula yegazi.
Ezinye izivivinyo zihlanganisa inani legazi, i-plasma viscosity futhi Amaprotheni asebenzayo, okungase kubonise ukuvuvukala - izimpawu ezinjalo ngokuvamile zithuthukisa ekwelapheni ngakho izinga lesisekelo liyasiza. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso kubalulekile njengoba ukusebenza kwesibindi kungase kube okungavamile emithini ye-antifungal. Futhi, ezinye iziguli ze-aspergillosis zingase zibe namazinga aphansi ento ebizwa ngokuthi I-mannose ebopha i-lectin (MBL) futhi ibonise izakhi zofuzo ezingavamile zale phrotheni.
A X-ray esifubeni ivumela ukubona ngeso lengqondo ingaphakathi lamaphaphu futhi ingase ibone okungavamile okufana nanoma yimiphi imigodi yamaphaphu - eyakhiwe ngenxa yesinye isifo esiwumsuka noma ukutheleleka, noma uma i-fungal ball (i-aspergilloma) ikhona. Isithombe esithuthuke kakhulu sengxenye yamaphaphu singadingeka, uma kunjalo i-computer tomography (CT) kungase kudingeke. Inqubo incike kuma-X-ray ukukhiqiza isithombe esinemininingwane. Uzodinga ukuthi ulale unganyakazi etafuleni elincane, elingena phakathi nendawo yesithwebuli se-CT lapho ama-X-ray azungeza khona. Ukuskena ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
A ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba lapho inaliti encane isetshenziselwa ukunwaya ingaphezulu lesikhumba ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi isiguli sinamasosha omzimba ajikelezayo e-IgE aqondene ngqo nawo. I-Aspergillus. Lokhu ukuhlola okuvamile uma unesifuba somoya noma i-ABPA. Umphumela omuhle ukhombisa ukuthi isiguli siyazwela I-Aspergillus. Bona amasosha omzimba.
A isampula yesikhwehlela, olunye uketshezi lwethishu noma ama-tissue biopsies angathunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze akhuliswe, ukuze kubonwe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhula I-Aspergillus kusukela kusampula. Ososayensi basebenzisa ipuleti lesiko elikhethekile ukuze bakhulise isikhunta, futhi uma kukhona elikhulayo bavame ukusebenzisa isibonakhulu ukuze baqinisekise uhlobo lwesikhunta. Enye indlela yokuthola I-Aspergillus iyindlela yokuhlola yamangqamuzana ebucayi.
A i-bronchoscopy kuyinqubo lapho ishubhu eliguquguqukayo lidluliselwa emaphashini ukuze libuke amaphaphu nezindlela zomoya - isiguli sithuliswa phakathi nenqubo. Amasampula esicubu samaphaphu noma uketshezi angacutshungulwa nge-bronchoscope ukuze ahlolwe elabhorethri ngokuhlolwa kwesiko nokuhlolwa kwamangqamuzana, uma kudingeka. Buka Okuningi.
Ama-biopsies amasampula amancane esicubu athathwe ezindaweni ezinamagciwane (isb. amaphaphu, ama- sinus) ezisikwa zibe mncane, zingcoliswe futhi zihlolwe ngesibonakhulu, noma ezibekwe endaweni yezakhi zomzimba ezivumela ukuthi noma isiphi isikhunta esikhona sikhule - ukhunta singase sibonakale.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa okungenhla ibe isicatshangelwa ndawonye futhi uma i-aspergillosis iqinisekiswa kuzoqalwa uhlelo olufanele lokwelapha.
izimpawu:
Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwe-aspergillosis isiguli esingaba nalo. Isibonelo, isiguli esisodwa esine-aspergilloma singase sibe nezimpawu ezimbalwa noma ukukhwehlela nje, esinye singakhwehlela igazi eliningi (i-haemoptysis) futhi sidinge ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kweziguli.
- kwesisindo
- ukukhathala
- imfiva
- ukhwehlela
- ukukhwehlela igazi (hemoptysis)
- ukuphefumula
Isiguli esinezinye zalezi zimpawu singase singabi nayo i-aspergillosis - empeleni akunakwenzeka, ngaphandle uma umuntu enamasosha omzimba ampofu (isb. ukulandela ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba). Uma umuntu engazange aphendule imithamo eminingana yemithi elwa namagciwane futhi enamasosha omzimba abuthaka kufanele kubhekwe ukuhlolwa kwe-aspergillosis.