Izifo zendlebe, zamehlo nezinzipho i-Aspergillus
I-Otomycosis
I-Otomycosis isifo sokukhunta ezindlebeni, futhi isifo sokukhunta okuvame ukuhlangana nakho emitholampilo yendlebe, ikhala kanye nomphimbo. Izinto eziphilayo ezibhekene ne-otomycosis ngokuvamile ziyisikhunta esivela emvelweni, ngokuvamile U-Aspergillus niger. Isikhunta ngokuvamile sihlasela izicubu esezivele zilinyazwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukulimala ngokomzimba noma i-earwax eyeqile.
izimpawu:
- Ukuluma, ukucasuka, ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu
- Amanani amancane okukhishwa
- Umuzwa wokuvaleka endlebeni
Ezimweni ezingavamile, I-Aspergillus ukuthelela indlebe kungase kudlulele emathanjeni nakuqwanga, kubangele isifo esinzima nesisongela ukuphila. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yi- I-Aspergillus fumigatus kuka U-Aspergillus niger, futhi ihlotshaniswa nokuzivikela komzimba okuphansi, isifo sikashukela noma iziguli eziku-dialysis.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-otomycosis kuqinisekiswa ngokuthatha imfucumfucu endlebeni enegciwane, ukuyihlakulela epuleti elikhethekile le-agar nokusebenzisa i-microscopy ukuze kutholakale i-causative organism. Uma ukutheleleka kujulile, kufanele kuthathwe i-biopsy ukuze kutholakale isiko lesikhunta kanye nokuhlonzwa. Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuthi ukutheleleka kuyahlasela, amaskena e-CT kanye ne-MRI angasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi ukhunta selusabalele kunoma yiziphi ezinye izingosi.
Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukomisa ngokucophelela nokuhlanza i-canal yezindlebe, usebenzisa i-microsuction. Ukujova nge-aural kufanele kugwenywe ngoba kungaholela ekutheni ukutheleleka kuqubuke ezindaweni ezijulile zendlebe. Kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uqhubeke nokwelapha ngama-antifungal afakwe endlebeni. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhubeke amasonto angu-1-3 futhi ukwelashwa kwe-antifungal ngomlomo kuyadingeka kuphela uma ama-antifungal afakwe esikhumbeni angasebenzi, noma isimo sihlasela.
Ngokuhlanzwa kahle komsele wezindlebe kanye nokwelashwa kwe-antifungal, i-otomycosis ivame ukuphulukiswa futhi ayiphindi.
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-otomycosis
Onychomycosis
I-Onychomycosis ukutheleleka kwefungal kuzipho, ngokuvamile kuvame uzipho. Ukutheleleka kwe-fungal nail kuvamile kubantu abadala, ngesilinganiso esingaba ngu-5-25% futhi ukwanda kwezigameko kubantu asebekhulile. I-Onychomycosis yenza cishe ama-50% azo zonke izifo zezinzipho. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zesikhunta ezingaba i-onychomycosis, kodwa T. rubrum unesibopho samacala angaba ngu-80% e-UK. Izinhlobo ze-Aspergillus, phakathi kwezinye isikhunta eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela i-onychomycosis. Ezinye izifo zibangelwa ukhunta ezingaphezu kweyodwa.
Izimpawu zokutheleleka zizohluka kuye ngohlobo lwesikhunta esihilelekile, kodwa izinzipho ezijiyile kanye nokushintsha kombala kuvamile.
Ezinye zezinto ezidala lesi sifo yizicathulo ezivalekile, ukuthintana kwamanzi kakhulu nezinzipho, ukuhlukumezeka kwenzipho okuphindaphindiwe, ukuthambekela kofuzo kanye nesifo esihambisanayo, njengesifo sikashukela, ukungahambi kahle kwegazi nokutheleleka nge-HIV, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuzivikela komzimba.
Ukuxilongwa kwesikhunta esiyimbangela kufinyelelwa ngokukhuhla isipikili (izinto ezingaphansi kwesipikili ziyizinto ezizuzisa kakhulu). Izingcezu ezincane zalokhu zibe sezihlolwa ngesibonakhulu bese zitshalwa kumapuleti e-agar akhethekile ukuze kutholwe uhlobo olubangela lesi sifo.
Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-causative kanye nobukhulu besifo. Ukhilimu we-antifungal noma i-ointment efakwe ku-nail ethintekile iyasebenza kwezinye izimo ezinzima. Ukwelashwa nge-oral antifungal noma ukuhlinzwa ukususa isipikili kungase kudingeke. Ukwelashwa kungathatha isonto eli-1 kuye kwezinyanga eziyi-12+, kuye ngesimo. Ukwelapha kungenzeka, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi eside, njengoba ukukhula kwezipikili kuhamba kancane.
Ukugoqa kwezinzipho nakho kungatheleleka - lokhu kubizwa nge-paronychia, futhi ngokuvamile kubangelwa Candida albicans kanye nezinye Candida izinhlobo.
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-onychomycosis
I-Fungal Keratitis
I-fungus keratitis ukutheleleka kwefungal kwe-cornea. Ama-causative agents avame kakhulu I-Aspergillus flavus, I-Aspergillus fumigatus, I-Fusarium spp. futhi Candida albicans, nakuba ezinye isikhunta zingaba necala. I-trauma, ikakhulukazi uma ihlotshaniswa nezinto zezitshalo, iyisandulela esivamile se-fungal keratitis. I-contact lens fluid engcoliswe isikhunta nayo ingadala i-fungal keratitis. Ezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi zihlanganisa i-topical corticosteroids, imithi yendabuko kanye namazinga okushisa angaphandle aphezulu kanye nomswakama. I-bacterial keratitis ivame kakhulu kubantu abagqoka amalensi okuxhumana namazwe asentshonalanga, kanti eNdiya naseNepal nakwamanye amazwe, i-fungal keratitis ivame kakhulu njenge-bacterial keratitis. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezigameko ezingaphezu kwesigidi ze-fungal keratitis minyaka yonke emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni ashisayo.
izimpawu zivame njengezinye izinhlobo ze-keratitis, kodwa mhlawumbe zinde kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (izinsuku ezingu-5-10):
- ukubomvu kwamehlo
- ubuhlungu
- izinyembezi ezingaphezulu noma okunye okuphumayo esweni lakho
- ubunzima bokuvula ijwabu leso lakho ngenxa yobuhlungu noma ukucasuka
- umbono ongenalutho
- ukuncipha kokubona
- ukuzwela ukukhanya
- umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okusesweni lakho
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuxilonga i-fungal keratitis ukuthatha ukukhuhla okuthelelekile ku-cornea. Noma iyiphi i-ejenti yokukhunta kulokhu kukhuhla ibe isikhule epuleti le-agar elikhethekile ukuze likhonjwe. Kanye nokukhuliswa kwento ephilayo, i-microscopy iyadingeka ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zesikhunta esingase sibe yimbangela.
Ama-Antifungal asetshenziswa ngqo esweni ngendlela yamaconsi iso abalulekile ekwelapheni i-fungal keratitis. Imvamisa ezisetshenziswa ngazo zincike ebucayi besifo. Ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu lokhu kwenziwa ngehora, futhi kungancishiswa imvamisa ngemva kosuku olungu-1 njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kubhaliwe. I-topical antifungal therapy inesilinganiso sokuphendula esingu-60% nokugcinwa kombono uma i-keratitis inzima kanye nempendulo engu-75% uma ithambile. Ngezifo ezinzima, ukwelashwa ngomlomo kuyelulekwa. Ukwelashwa kwe-antifungal okunikezwayo kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo ze-causative. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqhubeka okungenani izinsuku eziyi-14. Ukuchithwa kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ezifweni ezinzima.
I-Fungal keratitis ihlotshaniswa nengozi ephakeme ephindwe ~-5 yokubhobozwa okulandelayo kanye nesidingo sokufakelwa kwe-cornea kune-bacterial keratitis. Ukululama kokubona kuphezulu uma ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kusenesikhathi.
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-fungal keratitis