Ukuveliswa kwe-mucus ngokugqithiseleyo yingxaki eqhelekileyo kubantu abane-Aspergillosis ye-Allergic Bronchopulmonary.ABPAkunye ne-aspergillosis yemiphunga engapheliyo (CPA). I-mucus ngumxube ongqindilili wamanzi, i-debris yeselula, ityuwa, i-lipids, kunye neeprotheni. Idibanisa iindlela zethu zomoya, ibambe kwaye isuse amasuntswana angaphandle kwimiphunga. Ubunzima be-mucus obufana nejeli bubangelwa yintsapho yeeprotheni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-mucins. Kubantu abanesifo sombefu, utshintsho lwemfuzo kwezi proteni ze-mucin lunokujiya umfinya, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuyisusa emiphungeni. Lo mphunga ungqingqwa kwaye uxineneyo uyakha kwaye unokukhokelela kwiiplagi ze-mucus, ukuvala iindlela zomoya kwaye kubangele ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla, ukukhohlela, kunye nezinye iimpawu zokuphefumla.
Oogqirha badla ngokunyanga ezi mpawu ngamayeza aphefumlayo afana nebronchodilators kunye necorticosteroids ukuvula iindlela zomoya kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba. I-Mucolytics ingasetyenziselwa ukuphula iiplagi ze-mucus, kodwa iyeza elikhoyo kuphela, i-N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), ayisebenzi kakhulu kwaye inokubangela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo. Ngelixa unyango lwangoku lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, kukho imfuneko yonyango olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo ukujongana ngqo nomba weeplagi ze-mucus.
Ukujongana nalo mba, iindlela ezi-3 ziyaphononongwa:
- I-Mucolytics yokunyibilikisa iiplagi ze-mucus
Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseColorado bavavanya i-mucolytics entsha njenge-tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine. Banike le mucolytic kwiqela leempuku ze-asthmatic ezifumana ukudumba kunye nemveliso ye-mucus egqithisileyo. Emva konyango, ukuhamba kwe-mucus kuphuculwe, kwaye iimpuku ze-asthmatic zinokususa i-mucus ngokufanelekileyo njengeempuku ezingenasifo sombefu.
Nangona kunjalo, i-mucolytics isebenza ngokwaphula izibophelelo ezibambe i-mucins kunye, kwaye ezi zibophelelo zifumaneka kwezinye iiprotheni emzimbeni. Ukuba amabhondi aphukile kwezi proteni, kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo engafunekiyo. Ngoko ke, uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukufumanisa iyeza eliza kujolisa kuphela kwiibhondi kwi-mucins, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wemiphumo emibi.
2. Ukucoca iikristale
Ngenye indlela, uHelen Aegerter kunye neqela lakhe kwiYunivesithi yaseBelgium bafunda iikristale zeprotheyini abakholelwa ukuba ziqhuba ukuveliswa kwe-mucus kwi-asthma. Ezi kristale, ezaziwa ngokuba ziikristale zeCharcot-Leyden (CLC's) zibangela ukuba umfinya ube ngqindilili, ngoko ke kube nzima ukuwususa kwiindlela zomoya.
Ukujongana neekristale ngokuthe ngqo, iqela lavelisa ama-antibodies ahlasela iiprotheni kwiikristali. Bavavanya izilwa-buhlungu kwiisampulu zomfimfi eziqokelelwe kubantu abanesifo sombefu. Bafumanise ukuba ii-antibodies zinyibilikise ngempumelelo iikristale ngokuzincamathela kwimimandla ethile yeeprotheyini ze-CLC ezizibambayo. Ukongeza, amajoni omzimba athomalalisa ukudumba kwiimpuku. Ngokusekwe kwezi ziphumo, abaphandi ngoku basebenza kwichiza elinokuba nefuthe elifanayo ebantwini. U-Aegerter ukholelwa ukuba le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo ezivuthayo ezibandakanya ukuveliswa kwe-mucus ngokugqithiseleyo, kubandakanywa nokuvutha kwe-sinus kunye nokuphendula okuthile kwi-fungal pathogens (efana ne-ABPA).
- Ukuthintela ukukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kwe-mucus
Kwindlela yesithathu, i-pulmonologist uBurton Dickey weYunivesithi yaseTexas isebenza ukukhusela iiplagi ze-mucus ngokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-mucus. Iqela likaDickey lichonge i-gene ethile, i-Syt2, ebandakanyeka kuphela kwimveliso ye-mucus eninzi kwaye kungekhona kwimveliso ye-mucus eqhelekileyo. Ukuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-mucus engaphezulu, baye bavelisa ichiza elibizwa ngokuba yi-PEN-SP9-Cy ethintela isenzo se-Syt2. Le ndlela ithembisa ngokukodwa njengoko ijolise ekuveliseni ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-mucus ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ye-mucus eqhelekileyo. Imveliso ye-mucus eqhelekileyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni nasekugcineni impilo yenkqubo yokuphefumula kunye neyokugaya. Nangona iziphumo zokuqala zithembisa, uphando olongezelelweyo luyimfuneko ukuvavanya ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwala machiza kwizilingo zeklinikhi.
Isishwankathelo, iiplagi ze-mucus zibonisa iimpawu ezingathandekiyo kwi-ABPA, i-CPA kunye ne-asthma. Unyango lwangoku lujolise ekulawulweni kweempawu kunokujongana ngokuthe ngqo nokunciphisa okanye ukususwa kweeplagi ze-mucus. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baphonononga iindlela ezi-3 ezinokubakho, ezibandakanya i-mucolytics, ukucoca iikristale, kunye nokuthintela ukukhuselwa okugqithisileyo kwe-mucus. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwazo, kodwa iindlela zibonise iziphumo ezithembisayo kwaye kwixesha elizayo kunokuba yindlela enye esinokunqanda ngayo iiplagi ze-mucus.
Inkcukacha ezithe vetshe:
I-phlegm, i-mucus kunye ne-asthma | Umbefu + nemiphunga e-UK