I-Aspergillosis yesigulana kunye neNkxaso yoMkhathaleli

Ibonelelwa yi-NHS National Aspergillosis Centre

I-Biologics kunye ne-eosinophilic asthma

Yintoni i-eosinophilic asthma?

I-Eosinophilic asthma (EA) sisifo esiqatha esibandakanya uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba zii-eosinophils. Ezi seli zokhuselo lomzimba zisebenza ngokukhupha iikhemikhali eziyityhefu ezibulala iintsholongwane eziyingozi. Ngexesha losulelo, zikwanceda ukuvuselela ukudumba okuvumela ukuba ezinye iiseli zokhuselo lomzimba zisiwe kwindawo ukuyilungisa. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abane-EA le eosinophils ayilawulwa kwaye ibangela ukuvuvukala okugqithisileyo kweendlela zomoya kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumula, ekhokelela kwiimpawu ze-asthmatic. Ngoko ke, kunyango lwe-EA, injongo kukunciphisa amanqanaba e-eosinophils emzimbeni.

Fumana okungakumbi malunga ne-EA apha - https://www.healthline.com/health/eosinophilic-asthma

Biologics

I-Biologics luhlobo oluthile lwamayeza (i-monoclonal antibodies) olunikezwa ngesitofu kuphela kwaye sithetha nje siphuhliswa ukunyanga izigulo ezahlukeneyo apho amajoni ethu omzimba adlala indima, umz. isifo sombefu nomhlaza. Ziveliswa kwizinto eziphilayo zendalo ezinjengabantu, izilwanyana kunye ne-microorganisms kwaye ziquka uluhlu lweemveliso ezifana nogonyo, igazi, izicubu kunye nonyango lweeseli zemfuza.

Ngakumbi kwii-antibodies ze-monoclonal - https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/immunotherapy/monoclonal-antibodies.html

Okungakumbi kwibhayoloji - https://www.bioanalysis-zone.com/biologics-definition-applications/

Zijoliswe ngakumbi kunezinye unyango lwe-asthma ezifana ne-steroids kuba zijoliswe kwindawo ethile ye-immune system, ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. I-Biologics ithathwa ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-steroids, kodwa idosi ye-steroid efunekayo iyancipha kakhulu (ngenxa yoko iziphumo zecala ezibangelwa yi-steroid nazo ziyancitshiswa).

Kukho ngoku Iindidi ezi-5 zebhayoloji ekhoyo. Zezi:

  • Reslizumab
  • Mepolizumab
  • Benralizumab
  • Omalizumab
  • Dupilumab

Ezimbini zokuqala kolu luhlu (reslizumab kunye ne-mepolizumab) zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Bajolise kwiseli eyenza i-eosinophils isebenze; le seli yiprotheyini encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-interleukin-5 (IL-5). Ukuba i-IL-5 imisiwe ekusebenzeni, ngoko ke ukusebenza kwe-eosinophil kuthintelwe kwaye ukuvuvukala kunciphisa.

I-Benralizumab ikwajolisa ii-eosinophils kodwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ibophelela kuzo ezitsala ezinye iiseli zendalo ezibulala amajoni omzimba egazini ukuba zize kutshabalalisa i-eosinophil. Le ndlela yeziyobisi inciphisa kakhulu/iphelisa ii-eosinophils xa kuthelekiswa ne-reslizumab kunye ne-mepolizumab.

I-Omalizumab ijolise kwi-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-IgE. I-IgE ivuselela ukusebenza kwezinye iiseli ezivuthayo ukukhulula iikhemikhali ezifana ne-histamine njengenxalenye yempendulo ye-alergic. Le mpendulo iphumela ekudumbeni ngaphakathi kwimizila yomoya kwaye ibangele iimpawu ze-asthmatic. Ukwaliwa kwi aspergillus inokumisela le ndlela, okuthetha ukuba izigulana ezine-ABPA zihlala zine-EA. I-Omalizumab inokuvala le mpendulo kwaye inciphise iimpawu ze-asthmatic ezilandelayo.

I-biologic yokugqibela, i-dupilumab, iyacetyiswa kubantu abane-asthma enzima ehambelana nokwaliwa. Isebenza ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kweeprotheni ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-IL-13 kunye ne-IL-4. Ezi proteni zibangela impendulo yokuvuvukala ekhokelela kwimveliso ye-mucus kunye nokuveliswa kwe-IgE. Kwakhona, xa ezi proteni zimbini zivaliwe, ukudumba kuya kuncipha.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya ngala machiza, ndwendwela iwebhusayithi ye-asthma UK -  https://www.asthma.org.uk/advice/severe-asthma/treating-severe-asthma/biologic-therapies/

Tezepelumab

Okubaluleke kakhulu, kukho iyeza elitsha lebhayoloji kwintengiso ebizwa ngokuba yiTezepelumab. Eli chiza lisebenza phezulu kakhulu kwindlela yokukrala ngokujolisa kwimolekyuli ebizwa ngokuba yi-TSLP. I-TSLP iyimfuneko kwiinkalo ezininzi zempendulo yokuvuvukala kwaye ineempembelelo ezininzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke iithagethi (i-aleji kunye ne-eosinophilic) yebhayoloji ekhoyo ngoku igutyungelwe kweli chiza linye. Kulingo lwakutsha nje olwenziwa ngaphezu konyaka omnye, iTezepelumab (ngokudityaniswa ne-corticosteroids) ifumene i-56% yokunciphisa izinga lokunyuka kwe-asthma. Eli chiza livunywe yi-FDA kwikota yokuqala ka-2022. Xa sele livunyiwe, liya kufikeleleka njengenxalenye yolingo lwezonyango okanye ngetyala-nge-case inkxaso-mali evela kumaqela ogunyaziso lwezonyango, nangona kunjalo aliyi kufumaneka. kwi-NHS ide ivunywe yi-NICE. Nangona kunjalo, iTezepelumab inika ithemba kwi-horizon kubantu abaphethwe yi-EA.

Izikhokelo ezi-NICE

Ngelishwa, ayizizo zonke ezi ziyobisi zifikeleleka lula e-UK kwaye ukuba zimiselwe isigulane kufuneka sihlangabezane neendlela ezingqongqo ezivela kwiNational Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Ukuze unikwe ibhayoloji, kufuneka ubambelele kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango lwangoku kwaye uthathe amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi biologics ziyafumaneka kwiiklinikhi zeengcali ezifana neNorth West Lung Centre kwiSibhedlele saseWythenshawe, eManchester abavavanya isigulane kwaye bafake isicelo senkxaso-mali yokuqaliswa kwechiza ukuba bafanelekile.

Nceda ubhekisele kwizikhokelo ze-NICE zamachiza akhoyo ngoku ngezantsi:

Ukuba ubuthatha unyango lwe-steroid olungasebenziyo kwaye uziva ngathi unokuxhamla kula machiza, thetha nomcebisi wakho wokuphefumla.